That is the loose granular insulation called vermiculite.
Old attic insulation asbestos.
But just because your insulation is old doesn t mean it is dangerous.
There are many different kinds of wool like insulation that are man made and do not have asbestos but if your attic insulation looks like wool than it is best to be safe and have it tested by a professional.
If you notice that you have insulation that is falling apart in your building have a professional inspect for asbestos.
See this article on vermiculite and asbestos for more information.
One of the most common materials containing asbestos fibers is attic and wall insulation.
Asbestos is actually a natural fiber so if your attic insulation looks like wool there is a slight chance that it will contain asbestos.
If your insulation is in batt form you shouldn t worry.
In this austin texas home the vermiculite was hiding beneath blown cellulose insulation.
Asbestos can be found in the insulation used in walls attics the materials around plumbing and pipes electrical wiring as well as on heating and air conditioning units.
In older homes specifically asbestos may be found in many different materials from pipe insulation to flooring adhesive to roof shingles.
There is one type of older insulation that has a significant possibility of being contaminated with asbestos.
In older homes asbestos can be found in many things insulation included especially loose fill attic insulation.
Geological survey vermiculite attic insulation is sometimes found in older homes and is often contaminated with asbestos because of the libby montana mine where it originated.
Fiberglass and cellulose are the most common insulation installed in residential attics today.